Monday, August 5, 2002

LexiLine Journal #21 - 2002 : Tregiffian England Decipherment Corrected

Welcome!

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I have corrected the decipherment for Tregiffian - this should be Crux, the Southern Cross, at the Hole (Cave) in the Milky Way at this point just below Centaurus.

Accordingly, the overall view for England Southwest - Cornwall - has also been corrected. I had initially written Large Magellanic Cloud for Tregiffian, which is of course now incorrect.

The old files have been deleted and new files uploaded to the LexiLine files as

tregiff.gif and tregiff.tif

and

engswest.gif and engswest.tif

Sunday, August 4, 2002

LexiLine Journal #20 - 2002 : Southern Pleiades - Mulfra Quoit in Cornwall

Welcome!

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In the course of creating http://www.megaliths.net and related sites my attention fell on

THE MULFRA QUOIT in CORNWALL

which I previously identified in my LexiLine postings as having megaliths representing CENTAURUS - the left stars (kappa, eta, chi, etc.) and LUPUS - the central stars (alpha, beta, etc.)

As I have now discovered, MULfra = Southern Pleiades, much as the similarly named MUL.MUL were the northern Pleiades in ancient Mesopotamia.

Richard Hinckley Allen in Star Names, Dover Publications, N.Y. 1997, reports of ancient legends that the southern stars were initially created by ancient seafarers to approximate the shape of Northern constellations in similar positions. Allen writes (p. 436) as follows:

********** start quoted material **********

"Before the observations of the navigators of the 15th and 16th
centuries the singular belief prevailed that the southern heavens
contained a constellation near the pole similar to our Bear or Wain;
indeed it is said to have been represented on an early map or globe.
Manilus wrote:

'The lower Pole resemblance bears To this Above, and shines with
equal stars; With Bears averse, round which the Draco twines;'

and Al Biruni repeated the Sanskrit legend that at one time in the
history of the Creation an attempt was made by Visvamitra [Latvian
vis- "all" plus mitra as in meter "measure(r)"] to form a southern
heavenly home for the body of the dead king, the pious Somadatta;
and this work was not abandoned till a southern pole and another
Bear had been located in positions corresponding to the northern,
this pole passing through the island Lunka, or Vadavamukha (Ceylon).
[AK: not Ceylon but Boötes is intended since Vadava-mukha is
comparable to Latvian Vadava Muizha "house of Vadav (IMO the starry
messenger, which is Boötes.]] The Anglo-Saxon Manual made distinct
mention of this duplicate constellation 'which we can never see.'...

And, quoting from Francisco Lopes of 1552: [AK: the spelling is
original!]
'Abowt the poynt of the Southe or pole Antartike, they sawe a lyttle
whyte cloude and foure stars lyke unto a crosse with three other
joynynge thereunto, which resemble oure Septentrion, and are judged
to bee the signes or tokens of the south exeltree of heaven.'

What is referred to here is not known, for although the figure
represented is that of the Southern Cross this constellation always
is upright when on the meridian, and, as the observation was made in
latitude 14° or 15°, its base star was plainly visible.
"

********** end quoted material **********

MULFRA solves the issue of how the ancients mapped the southern skies on the basis of Northern constellational models.

The Mulfra Quoit represents the stars at the left of the Centaur, Centaurus, as well as
the central stars of the constellation Lupus below them at their hermetic earthly location in Penwith, Cornwall. This is actually the position at which Lupus and Centaurus "join".

MUL.MUL was an ancient Mesopotamian name for the northern Pleiades, so that MULFRA (MUL plus FRA) - for ancient heavenly chartmakers - represented that portion of the sky in the southern hemisphere seen as the "southern Pleiades" - due to their similar form to the northern Pleiades. To see that similar form see http://www.megaliths.net/mulfra.htm

Such "southern Pleiades" are supported in Richard Hinckley Allen, Star Names, Dover Publications, N.Y., 1963, ISBN 0-486-21079-0, p. 104, where the position of MUFRID is disputed in Boötes, but of course, we now see that it applied to Centaurus and Lupus directly
below it, so that MULFRA = MUFRID.

This puts the Southern Pleiades exactly opposite, 180 degrees from the Northern Pleiades.

Similarly, then, Triangulum Australis (the Southern Triangle) corresponds to the northern Triangulum across the way.

The Wain of the North, Ursa Major, or the Big Dipper, then finds its comparable in HORologium, and the Sanskrit legend noted by Allen identifies the King Visvamitra as KING HOR-AHA viz. KING ORRY viz. KING ARTHUR, who as we have reported at
http://www.megaliths.net/walesagt.htm was buried on the Isle of Man, which represents Corona Australis, i.e. Crown (King) of the Southern Skies. This too fits the legend of Somadatta.

In theory, the major constellations of the southern skies had their comparable models in the northern skies. We will examine this issue further in a future e-mail.

Thursday, August 1, 2002

LexiLine Journal #19 - 2002 : Khasekhemwy and Dictionairies

Welcome!

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This provides you with some more information about the LexiLine list owner and moderator, whose works are included in LexiLine newsletters.

For those of you out there who are both English and German-speaking, it may interest you to know that I was a member of a team of four authors for the just published 2002 revised version of the Langenscheidt Routledge Dictionary of Business, Commerce and Finance English-German German-English, 1230 pages, ca. 60,000 terms both ways, i.e. a total of ca. 120,000 terms (not just single words, but many terms of art and phrases).

We worked hard to make this the finest dictionary of its kind in the world. The CD-ROM which appears in October, costs 175 Euros (one Euro is about the same as one US Dollar). The book at present is still listed at the Langenscheidt website at 99 Euros. Routledge does not yet list it. Libri.de does. I do not know if this price will be maintained in the future.

In German the book title is: Langenscheidt Routledge Fachwörterbuch Wirtschaft, Handel und Finanzen.

As a book the ISBN is 3-86117-191-0.
As a CD-ROM (first available in October) the ISBN is 3-86117-208-9.

See http://www.langenscheidt.de/deutsch/ - Langenscheidt is the world's largest dictionary maker - and then click the option Neuerscheinungen and then the option Langenscheidt Fachverlag - which brings you to the page with the new publications ....

Since we surely have few German speakers on this list, this of course is not advertising but just information for you as list members. You should be aware that my areas of responsibility for this dictionary include law, patents, enviroment, travel and tourism, and information techonology (all very much "law-related") - including the internet. I know this stuff, much as I know the megaliths.

Without meaning to be disparaging, I myself as a dictionary author look at entries in other dictionaries for comparison, such as The British Museum Dictionary of Ancient Egypt, to see "what is really known", so e.g. under the entry "Khasekhemwy" where we find the following RELATIVE text excerpts, all in ONE short article about Khasekhemwy [emphasis added by us]:

"probably his son"
"it has been suggested"
"perhaps also political"
"probably an excessively historical explanation"
"what may have been an iconographic phenomenon"
"debate...hinges partly on the question"
"The picture was once believed to be"
"was thought to refer to another ruler"
"depictions...have been interpreted as evidence"
"generally considered"
"probably the forerunners of the valley temples"
"generally considered"
"poor excavation...has hindered any more definite statement"

Do these people know what they are talking about? NO.

When we look under "literature", it is written in that same work:

"Throughout the Pharaonic period it is often difficult to distinguish between fictional narratives and accounts of actual events, and part of this problem stems from a general inability to recognize the aims and contexts of particular texts. "

What happens in the course of time in Egyptology, however, is that all of these unclear texts, suppositions and assumptions creep into the mainstream literature, are cited by scholars, citing their cronies and professors, and then are quoted LATER as fact - even though originally such alleged facts were just nice suppositions, often supported by little or no evidence, and to which generally no new supporting knowledge has been added.

As written further under "literature" in the British Museum Dictionary of Ancient Egypt:
"Many such documents are perhaps best regarded as semi-fictional works.... "

And so also should one regard Egyptological dictionaries, as "semi-fictional works", whatever that means. When the Egyptologists KNOW what they are writing and defining, the definitions and explanations will look different than they do now.

When you look to have Khasekhemwy "defined" properly, you will find
that done best, in my opinion, at my LexiLine website at http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi762.htm

When the British Musuem Dictionary "definition" writes of Khasekhemwy that "[t]he depictions of slain enemies on the two statues [one statue shown at the LexiLine pages] have been interpreted as evidence of military activities during his reign", you can toss such nonsense straight into the wastebasket. The Egyptologists on that score do not know what they are talking about.

LexiLine Journal #18 - 2002 : Stonehenge Megaliths #2

Welcome!

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After posting this e-mail, I will be uploading the following new´Stonehenge files to the LexiLine Files at

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files [new URL: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files/]

which you can view at the above URL:

stonview.gif - Stonehenge Megalith Overview
sa213029.gif - Sarsens 2, 1, 30, 29
sar76543.gif - Sarsens 7, 6, 5, 4, 3
sarsen3.gif - Sarsen 3 front and back
sarsen4.gif - Sarsen 4 close-up of face
sars2122.gif - Sarsens 21 and 22
sars2728.gif - Sarsens 27 and 28
sarb2829.gif - Sarsens 28, 29 backsides
tril5354.gif - Trilithons 53 and 54
trilit56.gif - Trilithon 56
tril5758.gif - Trilithons 57 and 58

The Stonehenge megaliths not specifically listed above are identified at the overview graphic, stonview.gif

Essentially, the uploaded files show the following identifications, as you can see at stonview.gif, starting at the front middle and moving left in a circle:
(S = Sarsen and T = Trilithon)

T54 = Top stars of Scorpio
T53 = Back stars of Scorpio
Large Fallen Trilithon = Sagittarius
T56 = Capricorn
S16 = Aquarius
T57 = Andromeda and Cassiopeia (Pisces)
T58 = Triangulum and Aries
T60 = Taurus
S28 = Auriga, Orion (back side points to Serpens Caput)
S29 = Canis Major (Gemini)
S30 = Cancer
S1 and S2 = Hydra
T52 = Boötes
T51 = Virgo and Coma Berenices
S3 = Ursa Major (back side points to Cygnus and Aquila)
S4 = Leo
S5 = Corvus
S6 = Virgo
S7 = Boötes
S10 = Corona Borealis
S11 = Serpens Caput

I am not sure that all identifications are "exactly" correct, since the system used here - my discovery - is found also in the 42 Nomes of Egypt and Sumer. You had 30 Moon Stations and 12 Zodiacal "solar" stations for a total of 42. Theoretically, each station would have its "own" identity as a constellation, so there should actually be no overlaps.

There will be more forthcoming, whenever I get it finished....

As for the number 42...you have to read the Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams for a somewhat different rendition of this number, which is...but then...that is the secret of the book....

Monday, July 29, 2002

LexiLine Journal #17 - 2002 : Stonehenge Megaliths #1

Welcome!



.


Millions of people have seen Stonehenge, either in person or on television, and many millions more have taken photographs. Indeed, perhaps some of our members have photos of Stonehenge at home from an English vacation. You are in for a surprise - look at them again.

Although we all have seen the "stones" pictured sometime and somewhere, we have not really looked closely at the exact "megaliths", we just see the "stone circle", much like a popular book about megaliths by the same title, which does not get beyond the stone circles.

The fact is that the Megaliths of Stonehenge - as all megaliths - are also carved into various forms and, more importantly, contain cup marks and holes representing specific stars in the heavens, many of which (but certainly not all) can still be CLEARLY identified today, as I am doing.

I have uploaded the following files to the folder Ancient Britain in the LexiLine files online at:
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/ [or the newer URL
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/]

OVERVIEW GRAPHICS

Two files are OVERVIEW files of the Stonehenge ground plan, as shown in my interpretation. These are:

stonehengecircles.gif
stonehengecircle.gif


Some of the larger figures (such as the serpent and the outlying Scorpio and Sagittarius) that I have been able to identify on that plan from various photographs are still very speculative, barring substantiation by others.

The larger overview of the Stonehenge Barrows has already been uploaded some time ago to our LexiLine files at Ancient Britain as

stnhgbr2.gif

SARSENS, TRILITHONS, LENTILS

After the ground plan, we start with the sarsens (outer ring of (30) large megaliths, also spelled sarcens), trilithons (inner ring of (10) large megaliths) and lentils (top flat stones connecting two sarsens or trilithons) and show how these mark certain stars in the heavens. Obviously, and as we shall see, cupmarks on the top lentils mark stars closer to the pole star.

The outer 30 SAR-SEN-S are the MOON STATIONS or LUNAR MANSIONS, Sarsen IMO (in my opinion) being a word taken from Indo-European e.g. Latvian ZAR "branch, division" and SIENa "wall", i.e. "demarcation". SIN later was then just used an alternative name for the Moon. The inner horseshoe-shape of 10 TRILITHONS ("three stones, i.e. 2 trilithons plus lentil") in 5 pairs marks the Zodiac with Hydra/Leo and Cancer not represented by a pair of trilithons, so that the horseshoe of 10 stones reaches out toward the "ends" of the Milky Way.

This is that section of the Milky Way with a break in it, which is marked by the sky section from Cancer and the head of Hydra to the tail of Hydra.

Since this represents 1/6th of the heavens at Stonehenge, covering 4320 years, we can easily calculate that Hydra at Stonehenge stretched from the head of Hydra to the star gamma-Hydrae, just below Spica in Virgo, for this star of course then marked Virgo and a new constellation. However, Hydra apparently covered 1/4 of the Heavens originally and pi-Hydrae was in fact then the original tail end, as marked today by astronomers. Hydra thus originally covered 91 days of star time, with its middle "lowest star" Xi-Hydrae at the Summer Solstice and the head and tail equidistant from that point according to the correct "stretched" representation of constellations on the horizon by the Heifetz Planisphere.

CHRONOLOGY

The markings on the Stonehenge Megaliths date the largest stone circles of Stonehenge to 1749 BC, resolving the issue of the dating of the megaliths of Stonehenge. The date 1749 BC is two periods of 684 years after 3117 BC, which as I have long claimed, was the start of the "modern civilized calendar".

Recall, 684 years was a Kingdom, calculated mathematically by taking the length of a Saros Cycle of 18 years multiplied by the length of a Metonic Cycle of 19 years multiplied by 2, giving a very good long-term eclipse cycle.

As for the dating, this confirms the mainstreamers, as Gerald S. Hawkins writes in Stonehenge Decoded, Doubleday, 1965: "both Avebury phases were probably contemporary with the Stonehenge building. Broken bits of pottery found in excavations at the site and two Beaker graves found at the bases of stones of the Avebury-Sanctuary avenue indicate that this tremendous structure was erected about 1750 B.C."

My interpretations of Stonehenge by astronomy date the large megaliths at Stonehenge to 1749 BC.

THE HEEL STONE

uploaded as

heelstone.gif
heelstn2.gif


We can easily determine this date from the stars marked on the Heel Stone, which marks the Summer Solstice in 1749 BC. The Left Side of the Heel Stone marks Gemini and Orion. The Right Side of the Heel Stone marks Ursa Major, Leo, Cancer and Hydra.

In other words, the Summer Solstice is in-between the two sides and the Heel Stone "tilts" because Gemini tilts over the Summer Solstice point in the heavens at 1749 BC, but not quite to it, accounting for the markings on the ground to its left at Stonehenge. The scholars are in error in thinking the Heel Stone originally stood upright. The tilt was intended.

SLAUGHTER STONE

The Slaughter Stone, of which, however, I have no really good photo, so this identification is provisional, seems to show Ursa Minor (the heavenly axe) - but it could be Ursa Major. When I get a good photo, this issue will be resolved.

uploaded as
slaughst.gif

TRILITHONS

The megaliths of Stonehenge are numbered by convention and you see this numbering at stonehengecircle.gif

Two of the stones and especially the lentil were easy to identify. These are:

TRILITHON 57 TRILITHON 58 and LENTIL

Trilithon 57 marks Cassiopeia and Andromeda.
Trilithon 58 marks Triangulum and Aries.
The Lentil above them and joining them marks Ursa Minor and Cepheus.
That very well marks that portion of the heavens.

This is shown at the uploaded file:

tril5758.gif

More about Stonehenge in the next Newsletter.

Wednesday, July 24, 2002

LexiLine Journal #16 - 2002 : Northumberland Rock Drawings Deciphered

Welcome!

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New Decipherments of two rock drawings in Northumberland from the
Weetwood Lillburn region have been uploaded to the LexiLine files.
The two rock drawings are right next to each other at the site
location and "mesh" perfectly in terms of astronomy.

1. Northumberland Rock Drawing - Centaurus Crux Musca Triangulum Australe
weetwood.tif
weetwood.gif

2. Northumberland Rock Drawing - Large Magellanic Cloud Volans
Reticulum Carina Horologium Chamaeleon
lillburn.gif
lillburn.tif

The gifs and tifs are identical expect for quality, where the
.tif format is usually better for files with a lot of text.

Of course, the above decipherments fit perfectly into the
entire system of ancient astronmical geodetics presented at my site
for my decipherment of the megaliths at:

http://www.megaliths.net

Monday, July 22, 2002

LexiLine Journal #15 - 2002 : LexiLine.com Revised Update

Welcome!

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The number of newsletters has dropped, but there is good reason.
LexiLine.com has now been completely revised and updated and I draw
particular attention to the page
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi760.htm
which presents what I consider to be the most accurate ancient
chronology of the ancient world yet produced, based in large part on
astronomical calibration of ancient landmark dates.

This chronology should not be regarded as infallible, and small
corrections will surely be made in future time, but I will allege
here that the other chronologies out there, especially those of
mainstream scholars, are far more off the mark and are based on
spurious, far less reliable evidence.

Also check out
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexikwik.htm
which gives you a quick overview of the major pages.

More material on the megaliths is soon forthcoming.